Tadpole appearance: Azygous fissure

Congenital absence of IVC with azygous continuation.

It is not uncommon to come across patients who have absence of a segment of inferior vena cava (IVC) with blood draining through collateral channels, but complete absence of IVC with azygous continuation is a rare congenital anomaly. In this condition the blood from the caudal half of the body drains via the paravertebral and azygous venous systems with resultant distention of these veins. Comp...

Pulmonary azygous lobe--an anatomical variant.

Pulmonary azygous lobe is one of the common lung malformations. There is only few article about azygous lobe. Its a small accessory lobe sometimes found on the upper part of the right lung, separated from the rest of the upper lobe by a deep groove lodging the ayzygous vein. This reports decribes the presence of azygous lobe, a rare anatomical variant, encounted during chest x-ray discussion. W...

Azygous continuation of inferior vena cava.

Injuries to the azygous venous system.

BACKGROUND Azygous venous system injuries are rare. Although not commonly classified as a thoracic great vessel, the azygous system manifests morbidity and mortality that is similar to that of other great vessel injuries. METHODS Over a 40 year period, data were retrospectively collected and charts reviewed from a vascular injury database. RESULTS A total of 22 injuries to the azygous venou...

Anal fissure.

Anal fissure is one of the most common anorectal problems. Anal fissure is largely associated with high anal sphincter pressures and most treatment options are based on reducing anal pressures. Conservative management, using increased fiber and warm baths, results in healing of approximately half of all anal fissures. In fissures that fail conservative care, various pharmacologic and surgical o...